METFORMIN USE AS A DRUG FOR DIABETES

 

METFORMIN USE AS A DRUG FOR DIABETES

 

Metformin is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It works by decreasing the amount of glucose (sugar) produced by the liver and increasing the sensitivity of muscle cells to insulin, which helps the body use glucose more effectively.

Chemistry:

Metformin hydrochloride is the active ingredient in metformin. It is an oral antihyperglycemic drug of the biguanide class. It is chemically designated as N, N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide hydrochloride with the chemical formula C₄H₁₁N₅- HCl.

Uses:

Metformin is used to improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes. It is typically used as a first-line treatment, as it has been shown to be effective and well-tolerated in most people. It can be used alone or in combination with other diabetes medications.

Metformin may also be used off-label to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition that affects the ovaries and causes irregular periods, acne, and weight gain. Some studies have found that metformin can help regulate periods, improve ovulation, and reduce symptoms of PCOS.

Metformin has also been studied for its potential in weight loss and cancer prevention, although more research is needed in these areas.

Side effects:

 Common side effects of metformin include diarrhea, nausea, and stomach upset. These side effects are usually mild and go away after a few days.

Less common side effects include a metallic taste in the mouth, a skin rash, and decreased vitamin B12 absorption. Rare side effects include lactic acidosis, a serious condition that occurs when there is too much lactic acid in the blood.

It is important to note that metformin can interact with other medications, so it is important to tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking.

Metformin is a widely used and well-tolerated medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It works by decreasing glucose production by the liver and increasing insulin sensitivity in muscle cells. It may also be used off-label to treat PCOS and has been studied for its potential in weight loss and cancer prevention. Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, and stomach upset, and it can interact with other medications.